Two principal investigators from EPFL will be involved in the present project. Henry Markram pioneered the multi-neuron recording approach by using this approach he provided major contributions to understanding cortical network physiology. He was also the first to discover calcium transients in dendrites evoked by subthreshold voltages and by a single backpropagating action potential. He also discovered spike-timing dependent synaptic plasticity and plasticity of synaptic dynamics. Michele Giugliano is a young investigator and group leader at the EPFL. His work is mainly focused on experimental researches on the nervous system, with particular emphasis on the activity-dependent network plasticity and on the use of MEAs, complemented by mathematical modeling of neuronal networks.